CWRU Faculty & Staff Authors

A wide coverage of topics in category theory and computer science is developed in this text, including introductory treatments of cartesian closed categories, sketches and elementary categorical model theory, and triples.

This handbook is an intensive description of many aspects of the vocabulary and forms of the English language used to communicate mathematics. It is designed to be read and consulted by anyone who teaches or writes about mathematics, as a guide to what possible meanings the students or readers will extract (or fail to extract) from what is said or written. Students should also find it useful, especially upper-level undergraduate students and graduate students studying subjects that make substantial use of mathematical reasoning.

As its title suggests, this book is an introduction to three ideas and the connections between them. Before describing the content of the book in detail, we describe each concept briefly. More extensive introductory descriptions of each concept are in the introductions and notes to Chapters 2, 3 and 4. A topos is a special kind of category defined by axioms saying roughly that certain constructions one can make with sets can be done in the category. In that sense, a topos is a generalized set theory. However, it originated with Grothendieck and Giraud as an abstraction of the of the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space. Later, properties Lawvere and Tierney introduced a more general id~a which they called "elementary topos" (because their axioms did not quantify over sets), and they and other mathematicians developed the idea that a theory in the sense of mathematical logic can be regarded as a topos, perhaps after a process of completion. The concept of triple originated (under the name "standard construc­ in Godement's book on sheaf theory for the purpose of computing tions") sheaf cohomology. Then Peter Huber discovered that triples capture much of the information of adjoint pairs. Later Linton discovered that triples gave an equivalent approach to Lawverc's theory of equational theories (or rather the infinite generalizations of that theory). Finally, triples have turned out to be a very important tool for deriving various properties of toposes.